概况：
Beanstalkd，一个高性能、轻量级的分布式内存队列系统，最初设计的目的是想通过后台异步执行耗时的任务来降低高容量Web应用系统的页面访问延迟，支持过有9.5 million用户的Facebook Causes应用。后来开源，现在有PostRank大规模部署和使用，每天处理百万级任务。Beanstalkd是典型的类Memcached设计，协议和使用方式都是同样的风格，所以使用过memcached的用户会觉得Beanstalkd似曾相识。
beanstalk核心概念：
job:一个需要异步处理的任务，需要放在一个tube中。
tube:一个有名的任务队列，用来存储统一类型的job
producer:job的生产者
consumer:job的消费者
简单来说流程就一句话：
由 producer 产生一个任务 job ，并将 job 推进到一个 tube 中，
然后由 consumer 从 tube 中取出 job 执行（当然了，这一切的操作的前提是beanstalk服务正在运行中）。
一个job有READY（时刻准备着被消费者取出）, RESERVED（任务正在被一个消费者处理中）, DELAYED（延迟任务，设定的延迟时间后进入ready状态）, BURIED（休眠中，需要转移状态后才能操作）四种状态。当producer直接put一个job时，job就处于READY状态，等待consumer来处理，如果选择延迟put，job就先到DELAYED状态，等待时间过后才迁移到READY状态。consumer获取了当前READY的job后，该job的状态就迁移到RESERVED，这样其他的consumer就不能再操作该job。当consumer完成该job后，可以选择delete, release或者bury操作;delete之后，job从系统消亡，之后不能再获取;release操作可以重新把该job状态迁移回READY(也可以延迟该状态迁移操作)，使其他的consumer可以继续获取和执行该job;有意思的是bury操作，可以把该job休眠，等到需要的时候，再将休眠的job kick回READY状态，也可以delete BURIED状态的job。正是有这些有趣的操作和状态，才可以基于此做出很多意思的应用，比如要实现一个循环队列，就可以将RESERVED状态的job休眠掉，等没有READY状态的job时再将BURIED状态的job一次性kick回READY状态。
例子分析：微博是一个很典型的例子：
1，发一个微博
2，推送给他的粉丝 （如果有100w个粉丝，这个地方会堵塞很久，用户感受到的就是延迟）
在微博上发布一条内容要做上面两件事情才算完整，发一条微博只需要进行一次简单的数据库操作，
但是推送给他的粉丝却要操作100w次数据库，导致用户发一个微博要等待很长的延迟才能返回结果发送成功。
采用队列的方式，用户发送一条微博立马返回结果，发送成功，剩下的推送就放到队列里面异步执行，
推送并不需要特别及时，延迟过几秒几十秒都是可以接受的。
本文实例为大家分享了php beanstalkd消息队列类的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
<?php
namespace CommonBusiness;
/**
* beanstalk: A minimalistic PHP beanstalk client.
*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2015 David Persson
*
* Distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
* Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
*/
use RuntimeException;
/**
* An interface to the beanstalk queue service. Implements the beanstalk
* protocol spec 1.9. Where appropriate the documentation from the protocol
* has been added to the docblocks in this class.
*
* @link https://github.com/kr/beanstalkd/blob/master/doc/protocol.txt
*/
class BeanStalk {
/**
* Minimum priority value which can be assigned to a job. The minimum
* priority value is also the _highest priority_ a job can have.
*
* @var integer
*/
const MIN_PRIORITY = 0;
/**
* Maximum priority value which can be assigned to a job. The maximum
* priority value is also the _lowest priority_ a job can have.
*
* @var integer
*/
const MAX_PRIORITY = 4294967295;
/**
* Holds a boolean indicating whether a connection to the server is
* currently established or not.
*
* @var boolean
*/
public $connected = false;
/**
* Holds configuration values.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $_config = [];
/**
* The current connection resource handle (if any).
*
* @var resource
*/
protected $_connection;
/**
* Constructor.
*
* @param array $config An array of configuration values:
* - `'persistent'` Whether to make the connection persistent or
* not, defaults to `true` as the FAQ recommends
* persistent connections.
* - `'host'` The beanstalk server hostname or IP address to
* connect to, defaults to `127.0.0.1`.
* - `'port'` The port of the server to connect to, defaults
* to `11300`.
* - `'timeout'` Timeout in seconds when establishing the
* connection, defaults to `1`.
* - `'logger'` An instance of a PSR-3 compatible logger.
*
* @link https://github.com/php-fig/fig-standards/blob/master/accepted/PSR-3-logger-interface.md
* @return void
*/
public function __construct(array $config = []) {
$defaults = [
'persistent' => true,
'host' => '127.0.0.1',
'port' => 11300,
'timeout' => 1,
'logger' => null
];
$this->_config = $config + $defaults;
}
/**
* Destructor, disconnects from the server.
*
* @return void
*/
public function __destruct() {
$this->disconnect();
}
/**
* Initiates a socket connection to the beanstalk server. The resulting
* stream will not have any timeout set on it. Which means it can wait
* an unlimited amount of time until a packet becomes available. This
* is required for doing blocking reads.
*
* @see BeanstalkClient::$_connection
* @see BeanstalkClient::reserve()
* @return boolean `true` if the connection was established, `false` otherwise.
*/
public function connect() {
if (isset($this->_connection)) {
$this->disconnect();
}
$errNum = '';
$errStr = '';
$function = $this->_config['persistent'] ? 'pfsockopen' : 'fsockopen';
$params = [$this->_config['host'], $this->_config['port'], &$errNum, &$errStr];
if ($this->_config['timeout']) {
$params[] = $this->_config['timeout'];
}
$this->_connection = @call_user_func_array($function, $params);
if (!empty($errNum) || !empty($errStr)) {
$this->_error("{$errNum}: {$errStr}");
}
$this->connected = is_resource($this->_connection);
if ($this->connected) {
stream_set_timeout($this->_connection, -1);
}
return $this->connected;
}
/**
* Closes the connection to the beanstalk server by first signaling
* that we want to quit then actually closing the socket connection.
*
* @return boolean `true` if diconnecting was successful.
*/
public function disconnect() {
if (!is_resource($this->_connection)) {
$this->connected = false;
} else {
$this->_write('quit');
$this->connected = !fclose($this->_connection);
if (!$this->connected) {
$this->_connection = null;
}
}
return !$this->connected;
}
/**
* Pushes an error message to the logger, when one is configured.
*
* @param string $message The error message.
* @return void
*/
protected function _error($message) {
if ($this->_config['logger']) {
$this->_config['logger']->error($message);
}
}
public function errors()
{
return $this->_config['logger'];
}
/**
* Writes a packet to the socket. Prior to writing to the socket will
* check for availability of the connection.
*
* @param string $data
* @return integer|boolean number of written bytes or `false` on error.
*/
protected function _write($data) {
if (!$this->connected) {
$message = 'No connecting found while writing data to socket.';
throw new RuntimeException($message);
}
$data .= "
";
return fwrite($this->_connection, $data, strlen($data));
}
/**
* Reads a packet from the socket. Prior to reading from the socket
* will check for availability of the connection.
*
* @param integer $length Number of bytes to read.
* @return string|boolean Data or `false` on error.
*/
protected function _read($length = null) {
if (!$this->connected) {
$message = 'No connection found while reading data from socket.';
throw new RuntimeException($message);
}
if ($length) {
if (feof($this->_connection)) {
return false;
}
$data = stream_get_contents($this->_connection, $length + 2);
$meta = stream_get_meta_data($this->_connection);
if ($meta['timed_out']) {
$message = 'Connection timed out while reading data from socket.';
throw new RuntimeException($message);
}
$packet = rtrim($data, "
");
} else {
$packet = stream_get_line($this->_connection, 16384, "
");
}
return $packet;
}
/* Producer Commands */
/**
* The `put` command is for any process that wants to insert a job into the queue.
*
* @param integer $pri Jobs with smaller priority values will be scheduled
* before jobs with larger priorities. The most urgent priority is
* 0; the least urgent priority is 4294967295.
* @param integer $delay Seconds to wait before putting the job in the
* ready queue. The job will be in the "delayed" state during this time.
* @param integer $ttr Time to run - Number of seconds to allow a worker to
* run this job. The minimum ttr is 1.
* @param string $data The job body.
* @return integer|boolean `false` on error otherwise an integer indicating
* the job id.
*/
public function put($pri, $delay, $ttr, $data) {
$this->_write(sprintf("put %d %d %d %d
%s", $pri, $delay, $ttr, strlen($data), $data));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'INSERTED':
case 'BURIED':
return (integer) strtok(' '); // job id
case 'EXPECTED_CRLF':
case 'JOB_TOO_BIG':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* The `use` command is for producers. Subsequent put commands will put
* jobs into the tube specified by this command. If no use command has
* been issued, jobs will be put into the tube named `default`.
*
* @param string $tube A name at most 200 bytes. It specifies the tube to
* use. If the tube does not exist, it will be created.
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the name of the tube.
*/
public function useTube($tube) {
$this->_write(sprintf('use %s', $tube));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'USING':
return strtok(' ');
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Pause a tube delaying any new job in it being reserved for a given time.
*
* @param string $tube The name of the tube to pause.
* @param integer $delay Number of seconds to wait before reserving any more
* jobs from the queue.
* @return boolean `false` on error otherwise `true`.
*/
public function pauseTube($tube, $delay) {
$this->_write(sprintf('pause-tube %s %d', $tube, $delay));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'PAUSED':
return true;
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/* Worker Commands */
/**
* Reserve a job (with a timeout).
*
* @param integer $timeout If given specifies number of seconds to wait for
* a job. `0` returns immediately.
* @return array|false `false` on error otherwise an array holding job id
* and body.
*/
public function reserve($timeout = null) {
if (isset($timeout)) {
$this->_write(sprintf('reserve-with-timeout %d', $timeout));
} else {
$this->_write('reserve');
}
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'RESERVED':
return [
'id' => (integer) strtok(' '),
'body' => $this->_read((integer) strtok(' '))
];
case 'DEADLINE_SOON':
case 'TIMED_OUT':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Removes a job from the server entirely.
*
* @param integer $id The id of the job.
* @return boolean `false` on error, `true` on success.
*/
public function delete($id) {
$this->_write(sprintf('delete %d', $id));
$status = $this->_read();
switch ($status) {
case 'DELETED':
return true;
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Puts a reserved job back into the ready queue.
*
* @param integer $id The id of the job.
* @param integer $pri Priority to assign to the job.
* @param integer $delay Number of seconds to wait before putting the job in the ready queue.
* @return boolean `false` on error, `true` on success.
*/
public function release($id, $pri, $delay) {
$this->_write(sprintf('release %d %d %d', $id, $pri, $delay));
$status = $this->_read();
switch ($status) {
case 'RELEASED':
case 'BURIED':
return true;
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Puts a job into the `buried` state Buried jobs are put into a FIFO
* linked list and will not be touched until a client kicks them.
*
* @param integer $id The id of the job.
* @param integer $pri *New* priority to assign to the job.
* @return boolean `false` on error, `true` on success.
*/
public function bury($id, $pri) {
$this->_write(sprintf('bury %d %d', $id, $pri));
$status = $this->_read();
switch ($status) {
case 'BURIED':
return true;
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Allows a worker to request more time to work on a job.
*
* @param integer $id The id of the job.
* @return boolean `false` on error, `true` on success.
*/
public function touch($id) {
$this->_write(sprintf('touch %d', $id));
$status = $this->_read();
switch ($status) {
case 'TOUCHED':
return true;
case 'NOT_TOUCHED':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Adds the named tube to the watch list for the current connection.
*
* @param string $tube Name of tube to watch.
* @return integer|boolean `false` on error otherwise number of tubes in watch list.
*/
public function watch($tube) {
$this->_write(sprintf('watch %s', $tube));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'WATCHING':
return (integer) strtok(' ');
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Remove the named tube from the watch list.
*
* @param string $tube Name of tube to ignore.
* @return integer|boolean `false` on error otherwise number of tubes in watch list.
*/
public function ignore($tube) {
$this->_write(sprintf('ignore %s', $tube));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'WATCHING':
return (integer) strtok(' ');
case 'NOT_IGNORED':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/* Other Commands */
/**
* Inspect a job by its id.
*
* @param integer $id The id of the job.
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the body of the job.
*/
public function peek($id) {
$this->_write(sprintf('peek %d', $id));
return $this->_peekRead();
}
/**
* Inspect the next ready job.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the body of the job.
*/
public function peekReady() {
$this->_write('peek-ready');
return $this->_peekRead();
}
/**
* Inspect the job with the shortest delay left.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the body of the job.
*/
public function peekDelayed() {
$this->_write('peek-delayed');
return $this->_peekRead();
}
/**
* Inspect the next job in the list of buried jobs.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the body of the job.
*/
public function peekBuried() {
$this->_write('peek-buried');
return $this->_peekRead();
}
/**
* Handles response for all peek methods.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise the body of the job.
*/
protected function _peekRead() {
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'FOUND':
return [
'id' => (integer) strtok(' '),
'body' => $this->_read((integer) strtok(' '))
];
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Moves jobs into the ready queue (applies to the current tube).
*
* If there are buried jobs those get kicked only otherwise delayed
* jobs get kicked.
*
* @param integer $bound Upper bound on the number of jobs to kick.
* @return integer|boolean False on error otherwise number of jobs kicked.
*/
public function kick($bound) {
$this->_write(sprintf('kick %d', $bound));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'KICKED':
return (integer) strtok(' ');
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* This is a variant of the kick command that operates with a single
* job identified by its job id. If the given job id exists and is in a
* buried or delayed state, it will be moved to the ready queue of the
* the same tube where it currently belongs.
*
* @param integer $id The job id.
* @return boolean `false` on error `true` otherwise.
*/
public function kickJob($id) {
$this->_write(sprintf('kick-job %d', $id));
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'KICKED':
return true;
case 'NOT_FOUND':
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/* Stats Commands */
/**
* Gives statistical information about the specified job if it exists.
*
* @param integer $id The job id.
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with a yaml formatted dictionary.
*/
public function statsJob($id) {
$this->_write(sprintf('stats-job %d', $id));
return $this->_statsRead();
}
/**
* Gives statistical information about the specified tube if it exists.
*
* @param string $tube Name of the tube.
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with a yaml formatted dictionary.
*/
public function statsTube($tube) {
$this->_write(sprintf('stats-tube %s', $tube));
return $this->_statsRead();
}
/**
* Gives statistical information about the system as a whole.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with a yaml formatted dictionary.
*/
public function stats() {
$this->_write('stats');
return $this->_statsRead();
}
/**
* Returns a list of all existing tubes.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with a yaml formatted list.
*/
public function listTubes() {
$this->_write('list-tubes');
return $this->_statsRead();
}
/**
* Returns the tube currently being used by the producer.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with the name of the tube.
*/
public function listTubeUsed() {
$this->_write('list-tube-used');
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'USING':
return strtok(' ');
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Returns a list of tubes currently being watched by the worker.
*
* @return string|boolean `false` on error otherwise a string with a yaml formatted list.
*/
public function listTubesWatched() {
$this->_write('list-tubes-watched');
return $this->_statsRead();
}
/**
* Handles responses for all stat methods.
*
* @param boolean $decode Whether to decode data before returning it or not. Default is `true`.
* @return array|string|boolean `false` on error otherwise statistical data.
*/
protected function _statsRead($decode = true) {
$status = strtok($this->_read(), ' ');
switch ($status) {
case 'OK':
$data = $this->_read((integer) strtok(' '));
return $decode ? $this->_decode($data) : $data;
default:
$this->_error($status);
return false;
}
}
/**
* Decodes YAML data. This is a super naive decoder which just works on
* a subset of YAML which is commonly returned by beanstalk.
*
* @param string $data The data in YAML format, can be either a list or a dictionary.
* @return array An (associative) array of the converted data.
*/
protected function _decode($data) {
$data = array_slice(explode("
", $data), 1);
$result = [];
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
if ($value[0] === '-') {
$value = ltrim($value, '- ');
} elseif (strpos($value, ':') !== false) {
list($key, $value) = explode(':', $value);
$value = ltrim($value, ' ');
}
if (is_numeric($value)) {
$value = (integer) $value == $value ? (integer) $value : (float) $value;
}
$result[$key] = $value;
}
return $result;
}
}
?>以上就是关于php中beanstalkd消息队列的详解以及类的分享的详细内容，更多请关注二当家的素材网其它相关文章！
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