HTML 5离线存储之Web SQL-H5教程

本篇没有考虑异步,多线程及SQL注入

WebDatabase 规范中说这份规范不再维护了,原因是同质化(几乎实现者都选择了Sqlite),

且不说这些,单看在HTML5中如何实现离线数据的CRUD,最基本的用法(入门级别)

1,打开数据库

2,创建表

3,新增数据

4,更新数据

5,读取数据

6,删除数据

事实上,关键点在于如何拿到一个可执行SQL语句的上下文,

像创建表,删除表,CRUD操作等仅区别于SQL语句的写法.OK,貌似"SqlHelper"啊,换个名字,dataBaseOperator就它了

executeReader,executeScalar两个方法与executeNonQuery严重同质,

下边的代码产生定义了我们的dataBaseOperator"类",第二行

3-5行则定义打开数据库连接方法,"类方法",效果类似C#中的静态方法,直接类名.方法调用

6-15行则定义executeNonQuery方法,意指查询数据库,与executeReader方法和executeScalar方法同质,均可返回记录集

整个 dataBaseOperator就完整了,很简单,唯一要指出的是,测试以下代码时请选择一个支持HTML5的浏览器!如Google Chrome

//TODO;SQL注入   
  function dataBaseOperator() {};   
 dataBaseOperator.openDatabase = function () {   
     return window.openDatabase("dataBaseUserStories", "1.0", "dataBase used for user stories", 2 * 1024 * 1024);   
 }   
 dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery = function (sql, parameters, callback) {   
     var db = this.openDatabase();   
     db.transaction(function (trans) {   
         trans.executeSql(sql, parameters, function (trans, result) {  
             callback(result);  
         }, function (trans, error) {  
             throw error.message;  
         });  
     });  
 }  
 dataBaseOperatordataBaseOperator.executeReader = dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery;  
 dataBaseOperatordataBaseOperator.executeScalar = dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery;

有了"SqlHeper",再看业务处理层(Business Logic Layer)

业务处理类包括了创建表,删除表,新增记录,删除记录以及读取记录,这里没有写更新,实际上先删后增一样滴,即使要写也不复杂

function userStoryProvider() {   
     this.createUserStoryTable = function () {   
         dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery("CREATE TABLE tbUserStories(id integer primary key autoincrement,role,ability,benefit,name,importance,estimate,notes)");   
     };   
     this.dropUserStoryTable = function () {   
         dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery("DROP TABLE tbUserStories");   
     };   
     this.addUserStory = function (role, ability, benefit, name, importance, estimate, notes) {   
         dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery("INSERT INTO tbUserStories(role,ability,benefit,name,importance,estimate,notes) SELECT ?,?,?,?,?,?,?",  
              [role, ability, benefit, name, importance, estimate, notes], function (result) {  
                  //alert("rowsAffected:" + result.rowsAffected);  
               });  
     };  
     this.removeUserStory = function (id) {  
         dataBaseOperator.executeNonQuery("DELETE FROM tbUserStories WHERE id = ?", [id], function (result) {  
             //alert("rowsAffected:" + result.rowsAffected);  
          });  
     };  
     this.loadUserStories = function (callback) {  
         dataBaseOperator.executeReader("SELECT * FROM tbUserStories", [], function (result) {  
             callback(result);  
         });  
         //result.insertId,result.rowsAffected,result.rows24      };  
 }

createUserStoryTable,dropUserStoryTable,addUserStory,removeUserStory又是严重同质,不说了,仅SQL语句不同而已

但loadUserStories与上述四个方法均不同,是因为它把SQLResultSetRowList返回给了调用者,这里仍然是简单的"转发",页面在使用的时候需要首先创建provider实例(使用类似C#中的类实例上的方法调用)

var _userStoryProvider = new userStoryProvider();

之后就可以调用该实例的方法了,仅举个例子,具体代码省去

function loadUserStory() {      
try {          
_userStoryProvider.loadUserStories(function (result) {             
 var _userStories = new Array();              
for (var i = 0; i < result.rows.length; i++) {                 
 var o = result.rows.item(i);                
 var _userStory = new userStory(o.id, o.name, o.role, o.ability, o.benefit, o.importance, o.estimate, o.notes);                 
 _userStories.push(_userStory);           
   }//...      
} catch (error) {       
   alert("_userStoryProvider.loadUserStories:" + error);      
}}

得到_userStories这个数组后,就没有下文了,是自动创建HTML还是绑定到EXT,发挥想象力吧...继续

userStory是一个自定义的"Model" "类"·

function userStory(id, name, role, ability, benefit, importance, estimate, notes) {   
     this.id = id;   
     this.name = name;   
     this.role = role;   
     this.ability = ability;   
     this.benefit = benefit;   
     this.importance = importance;   
     this.estimate = estimate;   
     this.notes = notes;  
 };

最后贴出应用的代码,业务相关的代码,不看也罢,谁家与谁家的都不同

/*    
     http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2010892/storing-objects-in-html5-localstorage    
     http://www.w3.org/TR/webdatabase/#sqlresultset    
     http://html5doctor.com/introducing-web-sql-databases/    
     http://stackoverflow.com/questions/844885/sqlite-insert-into-with-unique-names-getting-id    
  */    
 var _userStoryProvider = new userStoryProvider();    
 $(document).ready(function () {    
     loadUserStory();   
    
     /* 添加用户故事 */   
     $("#btnAdd").click(function () {   
         var item = { role: $("#role").val(), ability: $("#ability").val(), benefit: $("#benefit").val(), name: $("#Name").val(), importance: $("#Importance").val(), estimate: $("#Estimate").val(), notes: $("#Notes").val() };   
         try {   
             _userStoryProvider.addUserStory(item.role, item.ability, item.benefit, item.name, item.importance, item.estimate, item.notes);   
             loadUserStory();   
         } catch (error) {   
             alert("_userStoryProvider.addUserStory:" + error);   
         }   
     });   
    
     /* 创建用户故事表 */   
     $("#btnCreateTable").click(function () {          try {   
             _userStoryProvider.createUserStoryTable();   
         } catch (error) {   
             alert("_userStoryProvider.createUserStoryTable:" + error);   
         }   
     });   
    
     /* 删除用户故事表 */   
     $("#btnDropTable").click(function () {   
         try {   
             _userStoryProvider.dropUserStoryTable();   
         } catch (error) {   
             alert("_userStoryProvider.dropUserStoryTable:" + error);   
         }   
     });   
 });   
    
 /* 加载用户故事 */   
 function loadUserStory() {   
     try {   
         _userStoryProvider.loadUserStories(function (result) {   
             var _userStories = new Array();   
             for (var i = 0; i < result.rows.length; i++) {   
                 var o = result.rows.item(i);   
                 var _userStory = new userStory(o.id, o.name, o.role, o.ability, o.benefit, o.importance, o.estimate, o.notes);   
                 _userStories.push(_userStory);   
             }   
    
             if (!_userStories) return;   
             var table = document.getElementById("user_story_table");   
             if (!table) return;   
             var _trs = table.getElementsByTagName("tr");   
             var _len = _trs.length;   
             for (var i = 0; i < _len; i++) {   
                 table.removeChild(_trs[i]);   
             }   
             {   
                 var tr = document.createElement("tr");   
                 tr.setAttribute("class", "product_backlog_row header");   
                 {   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("id", "id"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("name", "name"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("importance", "importance"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("estimate", "estimate"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("description", "role"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("notes", "notes"));   
                     tr.appendChild(CreateTd("delete", "delete"));   
                 };   
                 table.appendChild(tr);   
             }   
             for (var i = 0; i < _userStories.length; i++) {   
                 CreateRow(table, _userStories[i]);   
             }   
         });   
     } catch (error) {   
         alert("_userStoryProvider.loadUserStories:" + error);   
     }   
 }   
 function CreateRow(table, userStory) {   
     if (!table) return;  
     if (!userStory) return;   
     {   
         var tr = document.createElement("tr");   
         tr.setAttribute("class", "product_backlog_row");   
         {   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("id", userStory.id));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("name", userStory.name));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("importance", userStory.importance));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("estimate", userStory.estimate));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("description", userStory.role));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateTd("notes", userStory.notes));   
             tr.appendChild(CreateDeleteButton("delete_button", userStory.id));   
         };   
         table.appendChild(tr);   
     }   
 }  
 function CreateTd(name, value) {  
     var td = document.createElement("td");  
     td.setAttribute("class", "user_story " + name);  
     td.innerText = value;  
     return td;  
 };  
 function CreateDeleteButton(name, id) {  
     var td = document.createElement("td");  
     td.setAttribute("class", "user_story " + name);  
     /* 删除用户故事 */  
     td.innerHTML = "<a href="###" title="delete" onclick="javascript:_userStoryProvider.removeUserStory('" + id + "');removeRow(this);">>>delete</a>";  
     return td;  
 }  
 function removeRow(obj) {  
     document.getElementById("user_story_table").deleteRow(obj.parentNode.parentNode.rowIndex);  
     //obj.parentNode.parentNode.removeNode(true);  
 }

看完代码复习下基本功课

1,WindowDatabase接口,注意openDatabase方法

[Supplemental, NoInterfaceObject]  
interface WindowDatabase {   
 Database openDatabase(in DOMString name, in DOMString version, in DOMString displayName, in unsigned long estimatedSize, in optional DatabaseCallback creationCallback);};  
Window implements WindowDatabase;  
[Supplemental, NoInterfaceObject]  
interface WorkerUtilsDatabase {   
 Database openDatabase(in DOMString name, in DOMString version, in DOMString displayName, in unsigned long estimatedSize, in optional DatabaseCallback creationCallback);  DatabaseSync openDatabaseSync(in DOMString name, in DOMString version, in DOMString displayName, in unsigned long estimatedSize, in optional DatabaseCallback creationCallback);};  
WorkerUtils implements WorkerUtilsDatabase;  
[Callback=FunctionOnly, NoInterfaceObject]  
interface DatabaseCallback {    
void handleEvent(in Database database);  
};

2,SQLTransaction接口,关注executeSql方法

typedef sequence<any> ObjectArray;  
interface SQLTransaction {   
 void executeSql(in DOMString sqlStatement, in optional ObjectArray arguments, in optional SQLStatementCallback callback, in optional SQLStatementErrorCallback errorCallback);};  
[Callback=FunctionOnly, NoInterfaceObject]  
interface SQLStatementCallback {  
  void handleEvent(in SQLTransaction transaction, in SQLResultSet resultSet);};  
[Callback=FunctionOnly, NoInterfaceObject]  
interface SQLStatementErrorCallback {   
 boolean handleEvent(in SQLTransaction transaction, in SQLError error);  
};

3,最后看下SQLResultSetRowList定义

interface SQLResultSetRowList {  
  readonly attribute unsigned long length;    
getter any item(in unsigned long index);  
};

和SQLResultSet定义

interface SQLResultSet {  
   readonly attribute long insertId;  
   readonly attribute long rowsAffected;  
   readonly attribute SQLResultSetRowList rows;  
 };